The Obligation of E-Commerce Websites To Protect Personal Data The purpose of Law No. 6698 on Protection of Personal Data (“KVKK”) dated 24.03.2016, within the scope of general provisions, is to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals, particularly the privacy of private life, in the processing of personal data, and to determine the…
Read MoreEuropean Court of Human Rights Individual Application Process Turkey ratified the European Convention on Human Rights on May 14, 1954, and on January 28, 1987, it provided the opportunity to apply to the European Court of Human Rights in cases of violations of rights and freedoms arising from the Convention and its additional protocols. The…
Read MoreInvestment Incentive Certificate According to the decision number 2012/3305 on government aid in investments, investors in Turkey could obtain support from the government in many ways if they achieved certain conditions and standards. In order for an investment to benefit from that government aid, it should obtain an Investment Incentive Certificate (IIC). What does an…
Read MoreCryptoassets in Turkey What is Cryptoassets? There are many different types of cryptoassets. However, cryptocurrencies is the most known type of cryptoassets. The well-known Bitcoin, Ripple, Litecoin and Ethereum…etc., are all cryptocurrencies. But what exactly is it? Crypto assets are a digital representation of value that you can transfer, store, or trade electronically. This also…
Read MoreResponsibilities and Liabilities of the Members of the Board of Directors of Joint Stock Companies According to the Turkish Commercial Code (TCC), Joint Stock Companies has two mandatory organs, the general assembly and the board of directors. In this article, we will summarize the responsibilities and liabilities of board of directors’ members. A. Responsibilities of…
Read MoreIssuing Power of Attorney in Turkey Foreigners who wish to issue a power of attorney for a lawyer in Turkey can apply to notary publics in Turkey or to Turkish consulates abroad and issue the power of attorney. In addition, in order to be able to issue a power of attorney for foreigners at the…
Read MoreLiaison Offices and Conditions of Foreigner Corporations in Establishing Liaison Offices under the Turkish Legislation 1. What is a Liaison Office? Organizations that are built with the pursuit of observing the business opportunities and testing the market conditions in Turkey regarding a business line, who also desire to follow the business opportunities by researching the…
Read MorePayment Order Requesting Evacuation and its Consequences The cases of evacuation of a property are regulated in the provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations and the Enforcement Bankruptcy Law, and the subject of this research is the payment order with a request for eviction regulated in the Execution and Bankruptcy Law and the eviction…
Read MoreCompany Executives’ Responsibility Deriving From Tax Penalties Directed To Companies Tax penalties and their related public claims arising from the tax investigations or administrative transactions of the tax authorities could be directed to the board members and company executives in Joint-Stock Companies (A.Ş.) and Limited Liability Companies (Ltd. Şti.). In another saying, it can be…
Read MoreAdvantages of Establishing a Joint Stock Company An average of 150,4700 joint stock companies are established in Turkey. Joint stock and limited companies are the most preferred company types both in Turkey and also in international area. Joint stock companies and limited liability companies are similar to each other, but there are certain differences and…
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